Isihloko Sephepha
Izilimi Zokuxhumana Zomhlaba Wonke / Izilimi Ezibalulekile Zokuxhumana Komhlaba Wonke
Lezi zilimi zibusa ezikhungweni zomhlaba wonke, ebhizinisini lamazwe ngamazwe, ocwaningweni lwezemfundo, nokuqukethwe kwe-inthanethi.
- IsiNgisi - Ulimi lomhlaba wonke olusetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, ulimi oluvamile lebhizinisi, ubuchwepheshe, ezobudlelwano, ezemfundo, kanye ne-inthanethi.
- IsiShayina (isiMandarin) - Ulimi lomdabu olukhulunywa kakhulu, ulimi olusemthethweni laseShayina naseSingapore, libaluleka ngokwengeziwe ekuhwebelaneni kwezomnotho namasiko emhlabeni jikelele.
- IsiSpeyini - Ulimi lwesibili lomdabu olukhulunywa kakhulu, olusetshenziswa eSpain, iningi laseLatin America, nezingxenye ezithile zase-United States.
- IsiFulentshi - Ulimi olusemthethweni lwezikhungo ezinkulu zomhlaba wonke (UN, EU, njll.), olusetshenziswa eFrance, eCanada, emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika, nasemikhakheni yezobudlelwano.
- Isi-Arabhu - Ulimi oluyinhloko lomhlaba wamaSulumane naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, ulimi olusemthethweni lwe-UN, olunendima ebalulekile yenkolo kanye nezomnotho.
Izilimi Ezibalulekile Zesifunda Nomehluko Womnotho
Izilimi ezinabantu abaningi abazisebenzisayo noma isimo esibalulekile ngaphakathi kwamakhontinenta noma izindawo zomnotho ezithile.
- IsiPhuthukezi - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseBrazil, ePortugal nakwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, ulimi olubalulekile eNingizimu Nehemfowuzi.
- IsiRashiya - Ulimi lokuxhumana eRussia, ezingxenyeni zase-Asia Ephakathi naseMpumalanga Yurophu, ulimi olubalulekile lokuxhumana ngaphakathi kwe-Commonwealth of Independent States.
- IsiJalimani - Ulimi olusemthethweni lomshini wezomnotho we-EU (eJalimani, e-Austria, eSwitzerland), ulimi olubalulekile kufilosofi, isayensi nobunjiniyela.
- IsiJaphani - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseJapane, olunethonya lomhlaba wonke kubuchwepheshe, i-anime, nebhizinisi.
- IsiHindi - Ulimi olukhulunywa kakhulu eNdiya, ulimi oluhlanganyelwe olusemthethweni kanye nesiNgisi.
Izilimi Ezinkulu Zikazwelonke Nezilimi Ezibalulekile Zamasiko
Izilimi ezisetshenziswa emazweni anabantu abaningi noma lawo anokuthunyelwa kwamasiko okubalulekile.
- IsiBengali - Ulimi lukazwelonke laseBangladesh, ulimi oluqala esifundeni saseBengali naseNdiya esifundazweni saseWest Bengal.
- Isi-Udu - Ulimi lukazwelonke lasePakistan, olufana nesiHindi ekukhulumeni kodwa luhluke ekubhalweni.
- IsiPhunjabi - Ulimi oluqala esifundazweni sasePunjab sasePakistan nasendaweni yasePunjab yaseNdiya.
- IsiVietnam - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseVietnam.
- IsiThai - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseThailand.
- IsiThekishi - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseTurkey naseCyprus.
- IsiPheresiya - Ulimi olusemthethweni noma oluqala lase-Iran, e-Afghanistan (isiDari), naseTajikistan (isiTajik).
- IsiKoriya - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseNingizimu Korea naseNyakatho Korea.
- IsiTaliyane - Ulimi olusemthethweni lase-Italy, eSwitzerland, njll., olunethonya elijulile kubuciko, ukuklama, nomculo.
- IsiDashi - Ulimi olusemthethweni laseNetherlands, eBelgium (isiFlemish), futhi neSuriname ne-Aruba.
- IsiPholishi - Ulimi olusemthethweni lasePoland, ulimi olubalulekile eMpumalanga Yurophu.
Izilimi Eziyinhloko Zesifunda Nezinhlanga Ezithile
Izilimi ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ngaphakathi kwamazwe athile, amaqembu ezinhlanga, noma izifunda.
- Izilimi ZaseNyakatho Yurophu: IsiSwidi, isiDayishi, isiNoweyi, isiFinlandi, isi-Ayisilandi.
- Izilimi Ezinkulu ZaseMpumalanga Ephakathi Asia: Isi-Indonesia, isiMalayi, isiFiliphino (isiTagalog), isiBurma, isiKhmer (isiCambodia), isiLao.
- Ezinye Izilimi Ezinkulu ZaseNingizimu Asia: IsiTelugu, isiTamil, isiMarathi, isiGujarati, isiKannada, isiMalayalam, isi-Odia, isi-Assamese, isiSinhala (eSri Lanka), isiNepali.
- Izilimi ZaseMpumalanga Yurophu NaseBalkan: Isi-Ukraine, isiRomania, isiCzech, isiHungary, isiSerbia, isiCroatia, isiBulgaria, isiGreki, isi-Albania, isiSlovak, isiSlovenia, isiLithuania, isiLatvia, isi-Estonia, njll.
- Izilimi Zase-Asia Ephakathi NaseCaucasus: Isi-Uzbek, isiKazakh, isiKyrgyz, isiTajik, isiTurkmen, isiMongolia, isiGeorgia, isi-Armenia.
- Izilimi ZaseMpumalanga Ephakathi: IsiHebheru (e-Israel), isiKurdish, isiPashto (e-Afghanistan), isiSindhi.
- Izilimi Ezinkulu Zase-Afrika (ngesifunda):
- Mpumalanga Afrika: IsiSwahili (ulimi lokuxhumana lwesifunda), isi-Amharic (e-Ethiopia), isi-Oromo, isiTigrinya, isiKinyarwanda, isiLuganda.
- Ntshonalanga Afrika: IsiHausa (ulimi lokuxhumana lwesifunda), isiYoruba, isi-Igbo, isiFula (isiFulani), isiWolof, isi-Akan, isi-Ewe.
- Ningizimu Afrika: IsiZulu, isiXhosa, isiSotho, isiTswana, isiShona, isiChewa (eMalawi).
- IMadagascar: IsiMalagasy.
Izilimi Ezinzesimo Ezikhethekile Noma Izimo Zokusetshenziswa
- IsiLatini - Ulimi lwesiko nemfundo, ulimi lomthetho wamaKhatholika, ulimi lokubhalwa lwemvelo lwesayensi, umthetho, nefilosofi, alisasetshenziswa njengolimi lokukhuluma lwansuku zonke.
- IsiGreki Sasendulo - Ulimi lwesiko namasiko emfundo, olubalulekile ekutadisheni ifilosofi, umlando, isayensi, nombhalo wangempela weTestamente Elisha, alisasetshenziswa njengolimi lokukhuluma lwansuku zonke.
- IsiBasque - Ulimi oluhlukile, olukhulunywa esifundeni saseBasque emngceleni weSpain neFrance, olungenabo ubuhlobo obaziwayo nezinye izilimi.
- IsiWelsh, Isi-Irish, Isi-Scottish Gaelic - Izilimi ZesiCeltic, ezisetshenziswa ezifundeni ezithile zase-UK (eWales, e-Ireland, eScotland), ezivikelwe ngokomthetho ngokunye neminyakazo yokuvuselela.
- IsiTibetan, Isi-Uyghur - Izilimi Ezinkulu ZamaNtanga eShayina, ezinabantu abaningi abazikhulumayo eTibet Autonomous Region naseXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
- IsiPashto - Olimi olulodwa lwezilimi ezimbili ezisemthethweni zaseAfghanistan, futhi lulimi olubalulekile entshonalanga yePakistan.
Ithebula Yesisombululo (Ukubhekisa Ngokushesha Ngokusetshenziswa)
| Isigaba | Izilimi Ezibonakalayo | "Ukusetshenziswa" Okuyinhloko Noma Isimo |
|---|---|---|
| Ulimi Lokuxhumana Lomhlaba Wonke | IsiNgisi, isiShayina, isiFulentshi, isiSpeyini, isi-Arabhu | Izikhungo zomhlaba wonke, ubudlelwano, ibhizinisi lomhlaba wonke, ukushicilelwa kwezemfundo, inthanethi eyinhloko |
| Okubusa Isifunda | IsiRashiya (CIS), isiPhuthukezi (umhlaba wamaLusophone), isiJalimani (Mpumalanga Yurophu), isiSwahili (Mpumalanga Afrika) | Ulimi lokuxhumana lwezepolitiki, ezomnotho namasiko ngaphakathi kwesifunda esithile sejografi |
| Ulimi Olukhulu Lukazwelonke | IsiHindi, isiBengali, isiJaphani, isi-Indonesia, isiVietnam, isiThai | Ulimi olusemthethweni lwamazwe anabantu abaningi kanye nendlela eyinhloko yokuxhumana ngaphakathi kwezwe |
| Amasiko/Imfundo | IsiTaliyane (ubuciko), isiJaphani (i-anime), isiLatini/IsiGreki Sasendulo (izifundo zesiko) | Ukuthunyelwa kwendawo ethile yamasiko noma ucwaningo olukhethekile lwezemfundo |
| Isifunda/Izinhlanga | Iningi lezinye izilimi, isb., isi-Ukraine, isiTamil, isiZulu, njll. | Impilo yansuku zonke, imfundo, imidiya ngaphakathi kwezwe elithile, iqembu lezinhlanga, noma isifunda sokuphatha |
Isiphetho
"Ukubaluleka" kolimi kuyashintsha futhi kunemikhakha eminingi, kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ezifana nenani labantu, umnotho, isiko, nomlando. Lokhu kubhekiswa kuhloswe ukunikeza isifinyezo esisebenzayo ngokusekelwe kudatha yamanje, kusiza abafundi baqonde ngokushesha ukuma nokusetshenziswa kwezilimi ezinkulu zomhlaba. Kungaba ngokufunda, ibhizinisi, izifundo zamasiko, noma ukwenza ulimi lwendawo lobuchwepheshe, ukuqonda okucacile kwesimo sezilimi kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuxhumana nokubambisana kwamagugu amasiko ahlukene.