Isigaba 1: Inkinga Yokuncika Kupulatifomu—Ukulima Emhlabathini Oqashiwe
Sanibonani, ozakwethu, kanye nabangane abasemgwaqweni wokuhweba komhlaba wonke: Sanibonani nonke. Sihlanganiswe namuhla lapha ukuze sibhekane ngqo nenselelo eyodwa yokuqobo futhi sifune indlela yokuqhubela phambili ndawonye. Ake siqale ngombuzo onesidingo kakhulu: Kungani abaningi kithi bokuhweba ngaphandle basebenza kanzima futhi kanzima, kepha bekuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuzuza imali enhle? Impande yenkinga cishe ilele "enhlabathini" esethembele kulo iminyaka eminingi—la mapulatifomu e-B2B ajwayelekile, atsheniwe kakhulu.
Okokuqala, ake sicwaninge ngokuzola izinzuzo nezingalahlekelwa zawo wonke amaqembu kumodeli yepulatifomu.
Amapulatifomu ngokusobala angabanqobi abakhulu. Asungule "izimakethe zedijithali" ezinkulu futhi alawula ngokuqinile imithetho nezikhiye zalezi zindawo. Ngokudonsela inani elikhulu lamabhizinisi ukuba angene, adala imiphumela yenethiwekhi enamandla—abathengi beza ngoba kukhona abathengisi abaningi, futhi abathengisi bahlala ngoba kukhona abathengi abaningi. Uma lomphumela usungulekile, wakha isithiyo esiphezulu kakhulu. Amapulatifomu aphethe yonke idatha ekhiqizwa yizinqubo zokuthengiselana, ewazi ukuthi ubani othenga, into athengayo, nangamanani. Ehlala eqinisa imithetho nama-algorithms ngokusekelwe kulolu datha, ihlose ukwenza yonke imakethe isebenze ngendlela ephezulu kakhulu ngenkathi ikhulisa ingeniso yayo. Le ngeniso iyazamula futhi iyinkulu: izimali zonyaka, amakhomishini wezinqubo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, imali engenayo yokukhangisa ekuncintisanayo. Lena imodeli yebhizinisi ephumelela kakhulu, kodwa impumelelo yayo, ngandlela thile, yakhelwe phezu "kwenhlawulo" ethile eyenziwa abathengisi.
Ngakho-ke, yini esiyilahlekelwa yona thina, njengabathengisi?
Okokuqala, silahlekelwa isandla sokwenza isinqumo. Sifana "nezimazi" kule makethe yedijithali, sikhokha iraya—kubandakanya izimali zonyaka nezokukhangisa—ukuze sithole isitolo. Kepha indawo yalesi sitolo, imithetho yokubonisa, ngisho nokuthi singabonakala yini, ingaphezu kwanhloso yethu. Zinqunywa ama-algorithms epulatifomu kanye namazinga okubiza.
Lokhu kuqondisa kumosho wesibili: inzuzo. Ukuze sithole indawo enhle nokubonakala, kumele sihlale sifaka imali ekukhangiseni, futhi sibambe iqhaza ekubizeni. Izindleko zokuthola amakhasimende zikhuphukela zinyuka minyaka yonke, kusuka emalini embalwa yokuchofoza okukodwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule kuya kumalini amashumi noma ngisho amakhulu wamakhodi amagama asehambele kakhulu namuhla. Okunye okunzima ukuthi isitolo sethu sikude eduze kwezigigaba ezingamakhulu, ngisho nezinkulungwane, zabacindezeli abathengisa imikhiqizo efanayo noma efanayo. Ukuncintisana kukhuliswa ngokungapheli, kuvame ukuguqukela ekuncintisaneni okunzulu kwamaholo, okunciphisa ngokuncane futhi kukhiphe inzuzo yethu.
Ukulahlekelwa okubaluleke kakhulu ngokwesithathu: ikhasimende kanye nenani likamakhasimende. Lapho sithola ukuphenywa noma siqeda isivumelwano ngepulatifomu, ngabe leli khasimende ngempela lelakho? Imininingwane yokuxhumana, izidingo ezicacile, nokulondolozwa kwezingxoxo, iningi lihlala ehlelweni lepulatifomu. Kunzima kithi ukwakha ukuxhumana okuqondile, okujulile, nokuqhubekayo nabo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, emehlweni abathengi, sivame ukuba nje "umphakeli kupulatifomu," ithonsi oluncane olwandle olukhulu "lwenziwe e-China," ngokubona kwephathi elibuthakathaka. Isidingo esisidonsile ngezindleko ezinkulu sifana namanzi ageleza ngepayipi—adlula esitolo sethu kepha angeke akwazi ukugcinwa ukuba enze ichibi lelakho. Uma simisa ukukhokha, ukugeleza kushintshela kwenye indawo ngokushesha.
Lokhu kuveza iqiniso eliyisisekelo esifanele liliqaphele namuhla: Kumodeli yepulatifomu, into esiyithengayo njenge-"isidingo" empeleni "iyisidingo esiqashiwe," hhayi "impahla eyakho." Sikhokha ukuze siqashe isiqeshana sasikhashana sokunakwa esivela echibini elikhulu lesidingo sephulatifomu, esiqondiswe esitolo sethu ngaleyo mzuzu. Kungenhloso futhi kuyadliwa. Uchitha iyuanhu eyikhulu namuhla ukuze uthole ukuphenywa okukodwa; kusasa udinga ukuchitha iyuanhu eyikhulu enye, noma ngisho ngaphezulu, ukuze uthole elilandelayo. Le nqubo ayinamphumela wokuhlanganisa futhi ayikwazi ukukhiqiza izinzuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ibhizinisi lakho lihlala likhelwe phezu "kweraya" ekhokhwayo eqhubekayo, njengokwakha umbhoshongo esihlabathini—isisekelo asiqinile.
Ngakho-ke, izinkinga zethu eziyinhloko ziba sobala:
Okokuqala, kunokukhathazeka kwezindleko ezingalawuleki. Ukufakwa kwezokukhangisa kuzizwa njengomgodi ongenamhla, kodwa imiphumela iya ngokuya ingabikezeli futhi inzima ukukala. Inzuzo iyancishwa kakhulu yizindleko zokumaketha ezikhuphukayo.
Okwesibili, kunenkathazo yokukhula okumisiwe. Simile endaweni eyisijezisi yokuncintisana okufanayo, lapho ngaphandle kwehlisa amanani, kubonakala kuneminye imizila embalwa. Inombolo yebhizinisi ingaba ikhona, kepha imikhawulo yenzuzo iyabeka engozini.
Okwesithathu, kunomuzwa ojulile wokungaphephile. Isikhundla sesitolo sakho, ngisho nokusinda kwesitolo sakho sonke, kuncike emithethweni yepulatifomu. Ukushintshwa kwemithetho okungahlosiwe, ukubuyekezwa kwe-algorithm, kungenza ukuthi ukuchayeka kwakho kwehle kakhulu. Usala emnyama ngezizathu futhi ungenamandla okukushintsha. Lo muzwa "wokuba ngaphansi kwabanye" uwukunganeliseki okujulile ezinhliziyweni zabaningi bengcweti bokuhweba ngaphandle.
Okwesine, futhi okude kakhulu, ukudideka kokushoda kwephathi. Ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu noma eyishumi ebhizinisini, ngamakhasimende eza futhi emuka, ngabe ufake ngempela ukwaziswa kwephathi lakho emakethe angaphandle? Ingabe unenqulu lamakhasimende akwaziyo, athembe, futhi azimisele ukulandela ngokuqhubekayo? Uma impendulo ingeyi-qho, khona-ke ibhizinisi lethu lihlala liyisilinganiso "sokuhweba," lingakwazi ukufeza ukweqisa kwangempela kwenani.
Ngakho-ke, inkinga yokuncika kupulatifomu ingaphezu kwezinkinga zobuchwepheshe "zokuthi zisebenza kahle noma cha." Kuyinkinga yesakhiwo, eyisisekelo yamasu. Iphathelene nesakhiwo sezindleko zebhizinisi lakho, umthombo wenzuzo yakho, amandla akho okumelana nengozi, kanye nenani lakho lephathi lesikhathi eside. Ukuqaphela lokhu kuyinyathelo lokuqala ekufuneni ukuqhekeza nokwakha izimpahla zedijithali ezizona ngempela.
Isigaba 2: Ukushintsha Komqondo Ouyinhloko—Ukusuka "Emqondweni Wokugeleza Kwezinhleko" Ukuya "Emqondweni Wempahla"
Sisanda kuhlaziya inkinga yokuncika kupulatifomu. Impande yayo ilele eqinisweni lokuthi sesike sashesha silwa enkundleni yempi engafanele, silandela uhlobo olungafanele lwezinsiza. Leyo nsiza iyisidingo. Manje, sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha umqondo wethu ngokuyisisekelo—ukusuka "emqondweni wokugeleza kwezinhleko" ukuya "emqondweni wempahla."
Izimpahla zedijithali nokuqashwa kwesidingo kuyahlukana.
Ukuqashwa kwesidingo, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kufana nokuqasha amanzi emhlabathini womunye umuntu. Amanzi ageleza; ageleza kuwe namuhla futhi angase angeqile kusasa. Kumele uqhubeke nokukhokhela amanzi ukuze aqhubeke egelezayo. Uma uyeka ukukhokha, insimu yakho yoma. Konke ukutshalwa kwakho kudliwa yisenzo "sokuqasha" uqobo, kushiya ngemuva lutho olungahlanganiswa noma ludluliselwe.
Izimpahla zedijithali zihluke ngokuphelele. Kufana nokumba umthombo ojulile emhlabathini wakho, ukuklama imisele yokunisela, ngisho nokwakha uhlelo oluphelele lokugeleza kwamanzi. Ukutshalwa kwakho kokuqala kungahle kube ukuya ekuthengeni umhlaba nokubeka isisekelo somthombo—isigaba lapho ungase ungaboni ukugeleza kwamanzi ngokushesha. Kepha uma sekwakhiwe, amanzi akhiqizwa yilomthombo ngokuphelele eyakho. Awukhokheli omunye umuntu ngebhakede ngalinye. Okubaluleke kakhulu, impahla yakho iyabongeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi—umthombo ungambiwa ube julile, ukhiqize amanzi amaningi; inethiwekhi yomsele inganwetshwa, ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokunisela. Konke ukutshalwa kwakho kokuqala kuyakuqina kube yinto engenziwa izinzuzo eziqhubekayo futhi inani layo liyakhula. Lena iyinhloko yempahla: inezimpawu zokuhlanganisa, ukukhethekile, nezimbuyiselo zokuhlanganisa. Isidingo siletha izivumelwano eziyizimayela, kuyilapho izimpahla ziletha izimbuyiselo eziqhubekayo nenani lephathi.
Ngakho-ke, yini ithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lalesi sithwethwa sedijithali sebhizinisi lokuhweba ngaphandle? Yile webhusayithi yakho yephathi, ezimele. Sicela uqonde iwebhusayithi ezimele njenge-"indawo yedijithali" yenkampani yakho emhlabeni we-inthanethi. Ubukhosi balendawo bungokwakho ngokuphelele. Kule ndawo, unokuzimela okuphelele: wena umisa imithetho, uyidizayina isitayela, uhola okuqukethwe, futhi ulawula idatha. Ayiseyona isitolo esixubekile esimakethe enemininingwane esingashintshelwa noma yisiphi isikhathi, kepha "i-embassy engunaphakade" edizayinwe ngawe, ehlanganisa umoya wakho wephathi namandla wobungcweti.
Inani leli thutho ledijithali lidlula kakhulu ukuba nje iwebhusayithi yenkampani.
Okokuqala, iyindawo yokugcina yokuzwa kwephathi. Wonke umvakashi lapha uhlangabezana nendaba yakho eyingqayizivele yephathi, isithombe sobungcweti, kanye namagugu. Asakuboni ngokuhlunga kwepulatifomu kepha asebenzisana nawe ngokuqondile.
Okwesibili, iyichibi elizimele lezibalo zamakhasimende nedatha. Yonke indlela yokuziphatha komvakashi, isikhathi sokuhlala, nokuthakasela okuqukethwe, kuyahlala njengedatha yakho yangasese. Ungasebenzisa le datha ukuze uqonde ngempela amakhasimende futhi wakhe ukuxhumana okuqondile, okujulile, nokuqhubekayo nabo.
Okokugcina, isebenza njengendawo yokulawula yokusebenza komhlaba wonke. Ungashintsha ngokuguquguqukayo okuqukethwe namasu endaweni yakho ngokusekelwe ezimakethe ezahlukene nezigaba zamakhasimende ezahlukene, uqhube ukusebenza okucwengisiwe nokuhlola, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngalutho lwepulatifomu. Ukuba ngalendawo kusho ukuthi ubuya ngesandla sokwenza isinqulu nokulawula ibhizinisi lakho.
Nokho, ukumisa nje iqembu lendawo yedijithali akwanele ukuyiguqula ngokuzenzakalelayo ibe yimpahla enenzuzo enkulu. Esikhathini esedlule, ukwakha nokuphatha iwebhusayithi ezimele kwakunezithiyo zobuchwepheshe eziphezulu nezindleko zabasebenzi—ukudala okuqukethwe, ukulungiselelwa kwezilimi eziningi, ukusebenzisana namakhasimende, ukuhlaziya idatha; ngayinye yayidinga iqembu lobungcweti elikhulu. Lena impela isizathu sokuthi amabhizinisi amaningi okuhweba ngaphandle amange. Kepha namuhla, isimo sesishintshe ngokuphelele. Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokuguqula le ndawo yedijithali ibe "umhlaba ongenalutho" ube "inhlabathi evundile" sevuthiwe: lokho kungubuhlakani be-AI.
I-AI iba yithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu lokwakha nokuthuthukisa izimpahla zethu zedijithali. Ayisaseyona umqondo okude kepha iyi-"accelerator" eqondile ne-"amplifier" esebenza kuzo zonke izigaba.
Esigabeni sokwakha izimpahla, I-AI yehlisa kakhulu izithiyo eziyisisekelo. Esikhathini esedlule, ukubhala izincazelo ezisebenzayo zesiNgisi nezincwadi zobuchwepheshe zomkhiqizo kungase kudinge umbhali wokukopishwa onolwazi. Manje, i-AI ingakhiqiza ikhophi enembayo, egeleza, futhi efanele isiko ngezinguqulo eziningi, ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni izimpahla ezinqala zokuthengisa komkhiqizo namagama emboni. Esikhathini esedlule, ukudala izinguqulo zewebhusayithi ngezilimi eziningi kwakuyiprojethi esidla isikhathi, esidla amandla, futhi ebiza kakhulu. Manje, izinjini zezilimi eziningi ezinamandla e-AI ayinikezi nje ukuhumusha okusezingeni eliphezulu kodwa nenza "ukulungiselelwa kwesiko," kuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kuyafaneleka futhi kusebenza ezimakethe ezahlukene. I-AI ingashintsha ngamandla okugxilwa okuqukethwe okuvezwayo kwe-webhusayithi ngokusekelwe kwimvelaphi yomvakashi noma omaka wemboni, enza wonke amakhasimende azizwe le sayithi ilungiselelwe yena. Konke lokhu kwenza ukwakha iwebhusayithi ezimele enezinga eliphezulu, enobungcweti ibe nempumelelo ngaphambi kokuba kube khona nenomnotho.
Esigabeni sokuqhakambisa impahla, I-AI isebenza njenge-"super administrator" kanye "nokuhlaziya okuhlakaniphile." Kungaba "ilungu elikhulu lamakhasimende" elingakhathali, elibamba izingxoxo ezihlakaniphile nabavakashi bomhlaba wonke amahora angu-24, lisebenza ukufaneleka kokuqala, liphendule imibuzo ejwayelekile, ngisho nokuqondisa amakhasimende ngokucacisa izidingo, futhi lidlulise ngokungenampikiswano amahhovisi anenani kakhulu kumakhasimende abantu. Okubaluleke kakhulu, iyi-"i-alchemist yedatha" esebenza ngemuva, iguqula idatha yokuziphatha engahluziwe—ukuchofoza, ukubuka amakhasi, isikhathi sokuhlala—ibe yizithombe zamakhasimende ezicacile, ukubikezela kwesidingo, kanye nokuhlaziya kwendlela yokuthatha izinqumo. Ungazi ukuthi yikuphi okuqukethwe okudonsa kakhulu, yiziphi izinhlanganisela zemikhiqizo ezibukwa kaningi, ekugxotsheni liphi amakhasimende. Lezi ziqhakambiso zikuvumela ukuthi uqinise ngqo zonke izingcezu ezincane endaweni yakho, uqhubeke nokuthuthukisa okuhlangenwe nakho kokuguqulwa nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende.
Lapho iwebhusayithi ezimele—le "ndawo yedijithali"—ihlangana ne-AI—le "sistimu yokwakha nokuphatha okuhlakaniphile"—kuvela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali amangalisayo. Iwebhusayithi ezimele inikeza inhlabathi yedatha nezimo zokusebenzisa ze-AI ukuze isebenze, kuyilapho i-AI iguqula iwebhusayithi ezimele ibe yindawo ephilayo, ekhulayo, esebenzisana ngobuhlakani, futhi ifunda ngokuqhubekayo. Impahla yakho yedijithali ayiseyona "iprojethi" edinga ukutshalwa okuqhubekayo, okunqunyelwe kodwa "isimo sezinto eziphilayo" esinamandla okuzithuthukisa nokuzinwetsha. Iyaqala ukusebenzela wena ngokuzenzakalelayo, iqhubeka nokuhlanganisa, futhi ngenqubo, ikhulisa inani layo ngokuqhubekayo.
Ngakho-ke, ukushintsha komqondo oyinhloko ukusuka ekuqashiseni izinsiza ngaphandle ukuya ekwakheni izimpahla ngaphakathi. Sebenzisa iwebhusayithi ezimele ukubeka isisekelo sobukhosi, bese usebenzisa i-AI ukuyifaka ngomoya ohlakaniphile. Lokhu akuyona nje ukushintsha kwamathuluzi noma iziteshi; kungukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo yonke yebhizinisi lokuhweba ngaphandle—ukusuka ekujaheleni ukuqhuma kwesikhashana kwesidingo ukuya ekulinyeni ihlathi lakho lokuzele izinto ezidijithali.
(Ukuqinisekisa ukuphelela nokugeleza koqukethwe, inkulumo izoqhubeka ngezigaba ezilandelayo ukuchaza ngemininingwane ibhuluwudi yokwakha, imiphumela esebenzayo, nokubukwa kwesikhathi esizayo.)